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Ekosistem je dinamičen kompleks skupnosti rastlin, živali in mikroorganizmov (biota – glej biomasa), ki v interakciji z neživim okoljem (abiota – abiotski procesi, abiotske storitve) ustvarjajo funkcionalno enoto” (Maes et al. 2014; Reid 2005)1) 2) . Tudi človek je, kjer je prisoten, del ekosistemov (Harrington et al. 2010).

Glej tudi Ekosistem.

1)
Maes, J.; Teller, A.; Erhard, M.; Murphy, P.; Paracchini, M. L.; Barredo, J. I. et al. (2014): Mapping and assessment of ecosystems and their services. Indicators for ecosystem assessments under action 5 of the EU biodiversity strategy to 2020 : 2nd report - final, February 2014. Luxembourg: Publications Office (Technical Report, 2014-080).
2)
Reid, W. V. (Ed.) (2005): Ecosystems and human well-being. Synthesis; a report of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, MEA - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment & WRI - World Resources Institute. Washington, DC.